Interannual Variability of Autumn Precipitation over South China and its Relation to Atmospheric Circulation and SST Anomalies   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

NIU Ning  LI Jianping 《大气科学进展》2008,25(1):117-125

The interannual variability of autumn precipitation over South China and its relationship with atmospheric circulation and SST anomalies are examined using the autumn precipitation data of 160 stations in China and the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis dataset from 1951 to 2004. Results indicate a strong interannual variability of autumn precipitation over South China and its positive correlation with the autumn western Pacific subtropical high （WPSH）. In the flood years, the WPSH ridge line lies over the south of South China and the strengthened ridge over North Asia triggers cold air to move southward. Furthermore, there exists a significantly anomalous updraft and cyclone with the northward stream strengthened at 850 hPa and a positive anomaly center of meridional moisture transport strengthening the northward warm and humid water transport over South China. These display the reverse feature in drought years. The autumn precipitation interannual variability over South China correlates positively with SST in the western Pacific and North Pacific, whereas a negative correlation occurs in the South Indian Ocean in July. The time of the strongest lag-correlation coefficients between SST and autumn precipitation over South China is about two months, implying that the SST of the three ocean areas in July might be one of the predictors for autumn precipitation interannual variability over South China. Discussion about the linkage among July SSTs in the western Pacific, the autumn WPSH and autumn precipitation over South China suggests that SST anomalies might contribute to autumn precipitation through its close relation to the autumn WPSH.  相似文献   

Variability of soil moisture and its relationship with surface albedo and soil thermal parameters over the Loess Plateau   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

管晓丹  黄建平  郭铌  闭建荣  王国印 《大气科学进展》2009,26(4):692-700

Data from July 2006 to June 2008 observed at SACOL(Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University,35.946°N,104.137°E,elev.1961 m),a semi-arid site in Northwest China,are used to study seasonal variability of soil moisture,along with surface albedo and other soil thermal parameters, such as heat capacity,thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity,and their relationships to soil moisture content.The results indicate that surface albedo decreases with increases in soil moisture content,s...  相似文献   

GLDAS和CMIP5产品的中国土壤湿度-降水耦合分析及变化趋势   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张述文  刘源  曹帮军  李少英 《气候与环境研究》2016,21(2):188-196

利用GLDAS同化产品和12个CMIP5模式的输出结果,从土壤湿度对降水影响的两个中间环节出发,通过分析陆面耦合指数ILH、潜热通量—抬升凝结高度耦合指数ILCL以及抬升凝结高度ZLCL间接研究中国区域土壤湿度与降水间耦合特征,并对1958~2013年及RCP4.5辐射强迫情景下50年(2006~2055年)的4个代表性区域夏季耦合强度的年代际变化特征进行分析。研究发现:1958~2013年期间,内蒙古阴山山脉附近、新疆和青海的部分地区为夏季中国土壤湿度与降水耦合的最强区域;陆面耦合指数ILH变化幅度从高到低依次出现在华北、华南、内蒙古中部和西北地区,并在20世纪70年代中到80年代中发生转折。2006~2055年的平均而言,预估内蒙古阴山山脉附近仍为耦合最强区;与历史时期(1958~2005年)比较,新疆中部和内蒙古阴山山脉附近的耦合指数ILH增大,而广西和广东地区的则减小;对于耦合指数ILH的年代际变化(2006~2055年),2026~2035年间华北最大而华南最小,西北地区变化不大,而内蒙古中部地区的耦合强度逐渐增大。  相似文献   

陆面露水资源开发利用技术初探     

张强  陈丽华  问晓梅  王胜 《干旱气象》2008,26(4)

简要归纳了陆面露水资源独特的生态和气候效应,分析了开发利用陆面露水资源的理论依据,并重点从局地气候条件的选择和陆水凝结面的改进2个方面讨论了陆面露水资源开发利用的科学思路和技术措施。  相似文献   

Understanding the dynamical-microphysical-electrical processes associated with severe thunderstorms over the Beijing metropolitan region     

Xiushu QIE  Shanfeng YUAN  Zhixiong CHEN  Dongfeng WANG  Dongxia LIU  Mengyu SUN  Zhuling SUN  Abhay SRIVASTAVA  Hongbo ZHANG  Jingyu LU  Hui XIAO  Yongheng BI  Liang FENG  Ye TIAN  Yan XU  Rubin JIANG  Mingyuan LIU  Xian XIAO  Shu DUAN  Debin SU  Chengyun SUN  Wenjing XU  Yijun ZHANG  Gaopeng LU  Da-Lin ZHANG  Yan YIN  Ye YU 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2021,64(1):10-26

The Dynamical-microphysical-electrical Processes in Severe Thunderstorms and Lightning Hazards(STORM973)project conducted coordinated comprehensive field observations of thunderstorms in the Beijing metropolitan region(BMR)during the warm season from 2014 to 2018.The aim of the project was to understand how dynamical,microphysical and electrical processes interact in severe thunderstorms in the BMR,and how to assimilate lightning data in numerical weather prediction models to improve severe thunderstorm forecasts.The platforms used in the field campaign included the Beijing Lightning Network(BLNET,consisting of 16 stations),2 X-band dual linear polarimetric Doppler radars,and 4 laser raindrop spectrometers.The collaboration also made use of the China Meteorological Administration’s mesoscale meteorological observation network in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Although diverse thunderstorm types were documented,it was found that squall lines and multicell storms were the two major categories of severe thunderstorms with frequent lightning activity and extreme rainfall or unexpected local short-duration heavy rainfall resulting in inundations in the central urban area,influenced by the terrain and environmental conditions.The flash density maximums were found in eastern Changping District,central and eastern Shunyi District,and the central urban area of Beijing,suggesting that the urban heat island effect has a crucial role in the intensification of thunderstorms over Beijing.In addition,the flash rate associated with super thunderstorms can reach hundreds of flashes per minute in the central city regions.The super(5%of the total),strong(35%),and weak(60%)thunderstorms contributed about 37%,56%,and 7%to the total flashes in the BMR,respectively.Owing to the close connection between lightning activity and the thermodynamic and microphysical characteristics of the thunderstorms,the lightning flash rate can be used as an indicator of severe weather events,such as hail and short-duration heavy rainfall.Lightning data can also be assimilated into numerical weather prediction models to help improve the forecasting of severe convection and precipitation at the cloud-resolved scale,through adjusting or correcting the thermodynamic and microphysical parameters of the model.  相似文献   

Downward atmospheric longwave irradiance under clear and cloudy skies: Measurement and parameterization     

《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2003,65(10):1107-1116

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Recent climatic significance of chemical signals in a shallow firn core from an alpine glacier in the South-Asia monsoon region     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2002,20(3):289-296

There are 19 sub-tropical temperate glaciers on Mount Yulong, the southernmost currently glacier-covered area in Eurasia, controlled by the south-western monsoon climate. In the summer of 1999, a firn core, 10.10 m long, extending down to glacier ice, was recovered in the accumulation area of the largest glacier, Baishui No.1. Periodic variations of climatic signals above 7.8 m depth were apparent, and net accumulation of four years was identified by the annual oscillations of isotopic and ionic composition. The boundaries of annual accumulation were confirmed by higher values of electrical conductivity and pH, and by dirty refreezing ice layers at the levels of summer surfaces. Calculated mean annual net accumulation from 1994/95 to 1997/98 was about 900 mm water equivalent. The amplitude of isotopic variations in the profile decreased with increasing depth, and isotopic homogenization occurred below 7.8 m as a result of meltwater percolation. Variations of δ¹⁸O above 7.8 m showed an approximate correlation with the winter climatic trend at Lijiang station, 25 km away. Concentrations of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ were much higher than those of Na⁺ and K⁺, indicating that the air masses for precipitation were mainly from a continental source, and that the core material accumulated during the winter period. The close correspondence of Cl ⁻ and Na⁺ indicated their common origin. The decreasing trend of Na⁺/Cl⁻ ratios with increasing depth further reflects a progressive homogenization process caused by meltwater percolation. Concentrations of SO₄²⁻ and NO₃⁻ in the core are quite low. The mean annual net accumulation in the core and the estimated ablation indicate that the average annual precipitation above the glacier's equilibrium line is 2400–3100 mm, but this needs to be confirmed by long-term observation of mass balance.  相似文献   

An evaluation of soil moisture from AMSR-E over source area of the Yellow River,China     

《寒旱区科学》2019,11(6)

In this study, in-situ soil moisture measurements are used to evaluate the accuracy of three AMSR-E soil moisture products from NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration), JAXA(Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency) and VUA(Vrije University Amsterdam and NASA) over Maqu County, Source Area of the Yellow River(SAYR), China. Results show that the VUA soil moisture product performs the best among the three AMSR-E soil moisture products in the study area, with a minimum RMSE(root mean square error) of 0.08(0.10) m~3/m~3 and smallest absolute error of0.07(0.08) m~3/m~3 at the grassland area with ascending(descending) data. Therefore, the VUA soil moisture product is used to describe the spatial variation of soil moisture during the 2010 growing season over SAYR. The VUA soil moisture product shows that soil moisture presents a declining trend from east south(0.42 m~3/m~3) to west north(0.23 m~3/m~3), with good agreement with a general precipitation distribution. The center of SAYR presents extreme wetness(0.60 m~3/m~3) during the whole study period, especially in July, while the head of SAYR presents a high level soil moisture(0.23 m~3/m~3) in July, August and September.  相似文献   

北大西洋-东亚和北亚型遥相关的机制及其对新疆夏季旱涝的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

樊威伟  马伟强  胡泽勇  马耀明  杨耀先  韩翔 《大气科学学报》2023,46(1):30-41

北大西洋-东亚和北亚（简称NAENA）型遥相关是夏季欧亚大陆对流层上层经向风异常的第二主导模态,对欧亚大陆多尺度气候变率有显著影响。本文在分析NAENA型维持的动力学机制的基础上,研究了该遥相关型对新疆夏季旱涝异常的影响及其可能机制。大气波列的涡度收支分析表明,气候态的旋转纬向风引起的扰动涡度平流可以被扰动旋转经向风引起的平均涡度平流所补偿。能量转换过程分析表明,该大气波列有效地从平均流中提取有效位能,通过斜压能量转换过程得以维持。大西洋海温异常三极子模态则是NAENA型维持的重要外强迫因子。回归分析表明NAENA型遥相关能通过促进南疆夏季降水,显著影响新疆的旱涝异常。NAENA型位于中亚的气旋性低压一方面增强了南疆地区的垂直上升运动,同时气旋性环流将更多的水汽输送到该地区,有利于水汽在对流层中低层的异常辐合,进而对南疆的降水有促进作用。  相似文献   

季节预测模式对东亚夏季环流的预测能力及其对热带海洋的响应分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

顾伯辉  郑志海  封国林  王正 《大气科学》2017,41(1):91-105

东亚夏季环流变化对中国夏季降水的年际变化有重要影响,因此需要进一步理解季节预测模式对东亚夏季环流的预测能力。利用1991~2013年美国国家环境预测中心（NCEP）、中国气象局国家气候中心（NCC）和日本东京气候中心（TCC）的三个季节预测模式（CFS V2、BCC_CSM V2和MRI-CGCM）以及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,定量评估了模式对东亚夏季风（EASM）和夏季西太平洋副热带高压（WPSH）强度的预测能力。在此基础上,分析了模式预测的EASM和WPSH对热带海温异常的响应能力,以及ENSO事件对EASM和WPSH预测的影响,阐述了预测误差产生的原因。结果表明:整体而言,三个模式对EASM和WPSH的预测技巧较高,但TCC模式对WPSH的预测技巧相对较低。三个模式预测的850 hPa风场在西北太平洋存在一个异常气旋,使得预测的EASM偏强和WPSH偏弱。同时,二者的年际变率整体比观测小。三个模式预测的EASM和WPSH对热带海洋海温异常的响应随季节演变特征与观测比较接近,但NCEP模式和TCC模式预测的EASM对前期热带太平洋和前期、同期热带印度洋的海温异常响应要强于观测,NCC模式预测的EASM对前期和同期的热带太平洋的海温异常响应明显比观测强。此外,三个模式预测的WPSH对前期和同期的热带太平洋、热带印度洋和热带大西洋的海温异常响应明显强于观测。三个模式预测的EASM和WPSH在ENSO年的平均绝对误差（MAE）整体而言要比正常年的小很多,NCEP模式和NCC模式预测的EASM和WPSH的MAE在La Ni?a年和El Ni?o年差别不大,而TCC模式预测的EASM和WPSH的MAE在El Ni?o年比在La Ni?a年大很多,表明ENSO事件是东亚夏季环流重要的可预报源。  相似文献